ICRNet Program for BIPOC Farmers in the Southeast U.S.
with the support of the William R. Kenan, Jr. Charitable Trust and the Walmart Foundation
“Working with African American farmers in the Southeast U.S. compels us to adjust our conceptual and programmatic focus, from ‘equity’ – ensuring parity in access to information – to ‘social justice’ – considering how information has been or can be used to marginalize or to empower disadvantaged groups.” (Social Justice in Climate Services, Furman, et. al, 2014)
In 1920,
there were nearly 950,000
African American farmers in the U.S.
There are increasing risks to BIPOC farmers
from climate change, particularly risk of more regular
and intense droughts and floods, which are expected to
increase in intensity by 50% by 2050.
Today there are only
45,500 Black Farmers, a little
more than 1%
of the total number.
Research confirms BIPOC farmers need more inclusive
access to Climate-Smart Agriculture information
and financial resources.
In 1910,
Black farmers owned
16-19 million acres.
Access to inclusive climate resources can best be
accomplished through networks of existing trusted partner organizations.
Today, some 68,000 Black farmers own 7.8 million acres, less than 1% of the country's total farm acreage.
Regional hubs of Inclusive Climate Resource Networks (ICRNet)
provide access to local capacities and targeted resources
for BIPOC farmers within a 3-5 county area.
Yet those 7.8 million acres owned by Black farmers
are worth $14.4 billion.
Peer-to-peer networks have demonstrated great success
reaching BIPOC farmers with new information and resources.
BIPOC Farmer Program Overview
The Inclusive Climate Resource Network (ICRNet) is a core U.S. program for N4J and is funded through partnerships with The Kenan Charitable Trust, The Walmart Foundation, and other donors. The purpose of the ICRNet program is to provide access to resources to create greater climate resilience among BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, and persons of color) farmers in a three to five county region.
The ICRNet will consist of a network of regional partners promoting awareness and access to climate-smart agriculture practices, regional climate risk analysis, financial assistance, and capacity development. Each regional network will be supported by a Climate Resource Hub staffed and directed by local practitioners to customize the service offerings to fit the specific regional priorities. The initial pilot Hub will be in central North Carolina and more Hubs are expected to follow after the establishment of the pilot.
Launching Next Phase of the BIPOC Program
Phase 1 of the program began in the Spring of 2021 with a strategic analysis of the needs of BIPOC farmers in the southeastern U.S. and selection of the location for the initial Regional Climate Resource Hub.
Phase 2 began in April of 2022 and is focused on launching an ICRNet Hub serving four counties in central North Carolina (Chatham, Cumberland, Harnett, and Wake counties).
- Creating awareness of the solutions available to promote greater climate-smart agricultural practices
- Providing inclusive access to climate resources for BIPOC farmers
- Collaborating with existing networks of trusted partners
- Catalyzing proactive climate risk-reduction practices through specialized services targeting BIPOC farmers
- Establishing localized capability and stakeholder ownership within narrowly focused geographic areas
The Regional Climate Resource Hub Approach
Each Climate Resource Hub will work with BIPOC farmers, existing locally trusted partners, and selected donors to facilitate access to funding, information, technical expertise, and new markets.
The graphic below illustrates the functions of a Climate Resource Hub.
Each hub will have a manager familiar with the agricultural, market, and relevant actors and activities in the area. In addition, each regional hub will have a community outreach/research associate to work with the regional hub manager.
The initial focus of the central NC regional climate resource hub will be addressing risks of droughts and floods through small-scale irrigation systems and nature-based flood management practices. Beginning in the summer of 2022, the hub will conduct research on the needs and priorities for addressing drought and flood risks.
According to an analysis by Climate Central, North Carolina is expected to see its droughts increase in intensity by around 50%. Coupled with the 9.4-degree temperature increase within this century, North Carolina is at severe risk for drastic climate-induced losses.
In addition, the central NC regional hub is sponsoring several programs engaging BIPOC farmer groups in the fall of ’22.
The following Resources section includes a collection of U.S. government publications, news articles, scholarly publications and listing of Black farmers and their market. We will periodically update this collection. You can also read more about our approach to this important issue on this blog post.
Resources
2017 Census of Agriculture, Highlights: Farm Producers
Revised census questions provide expanded demographic information
Census of Agriculture – Highlights: Black Producers up 5 percent since 2012; one-fifth serve or have served in the military
2017 Census of Agriculture, Highlights: Black Farmers Up 12 percent since 2007; most live in southern states.
Black Farmers in America, 1865-2000 The Pursuit of Independent Farming and the Role of Cooperative
Who Owns the Land? Agricultural Land Ownership by Race/Ethnicity
Chapter IV: Farm Statistics by Color and Tenure of Farmer (1920)
Black Farmers Fear Foreclosure as Debt Relief Remains Frozen
Black US farmers awaiting billions in promised debt relief
What’s in the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 for Agriculture?
Relief bill is most significant legislation for Black farmers since Civil Rights Act, experts say
$5 billion would go to farmers of color, who have lost 90 percent of their land over the past century because of systemic discrimination and a cycle of debt
Black Farmers May Finally Get the Help They Deserve
A debt-relief program would be a step in repairing more than a century of discrimination by the Department of Agriculture.
‘Tired of getting slapped in the face’: older Black farmers see little hope in Biden’s agriculture pick
Two Biden Priorities, Climate and Inequality, Meet on Black-Owned Farms
The administration has pledged to make agriculture a cornerstone of its plan to fight warming, but also to tackle a legacy of discrimination that has pushed Black farmers off the land.
‘Jim Crow’ Land Ownership Spurs Black Farmers’ Appeals to Biden
USDA issued billions in subsidies this year. Black farmers are still waiting for their share.
“We have lived under economic terrorism for decades,” said Georgia farmer Eddie Slaughter. Subsidies issued during Covid-19 are just another form of exclusion, he and other farmers say.
‘Make Farmers Black Again’: African Americans Fight Discrimination To Own Farmland
There were nearly a million black farmers in 1920. Why have they disappeared?
Today there are just 45,000 African American farmers. One man is fighting to save them.
Widening Farm Subsidy Gap Is Leaving Black Farmers Further Behind
Booker, Warren, Gillibrand Announce Comprehensive Bill to Address the History of Discrimination in Federal Agricultural Policy
The Justice for Black Farmers Act will reform the U.S. Department of Agriculture and create a land grant program to encourage a new generation of Black farmers